Make their history publicly auditable (when they joined, how their followers/following pattern looks like, what their posting pattern looks like, what topics/hashtags do they use most frequently, what their network of connection looks like).
Restrict the hell out of them as to what/how many actions they can do every month (un/follow, post, rt, like, report) so that they become slow by design.
Agreed. Instead of removing the accounts, they should just freeze the accounts and keep them public so that we can all see what they've been up to. Maybe a red check mark to show they are verified bots?
Identify humans with a $1 credit card charge and a quick automated video call + face recognition. If your account is verified, your tweets are indexed and searchable. Maybe add other limits for unverified accounts.